Git Commands - Cheat Sheet
Coding Gears 
Git Commands - Cheat Sheet
1. Configuration & Setup
git versionChecks installed Git version.
git config --global user.name "[name]"Sets your identity for all commits.
git config --global user.email "[email]"Sets commit email address.
git config --listLists all applied configuration settings.
git initInitializes a new, empty local Git repository.
git clone [url]Downloads a repository from a remote server.
💡 Setup Pro-Tips
- Identity: Match your email to your GitHub profile for proper contribution tracking.
- Verification: Use
git config --listto verify all settings are applied correctly.
2. The Core Workflow
git statusShows which files are modified, staged, or untracked.
git add [file]Adds a specific file to the staging area.
git add .Adds all changed files in the directory to staging.
git add -p"Patch" mode: Stage parts of a file interactively.
git commit -m "[message]"Records the snapshot with a message.
git commit --amendModifies the last commit to fix typos or add files.
🔥 Workflow Tricks
- Patch Mode: Allows you to review changes line-by-line before staging.
- Snapshots: Each commit creates a permanent snapshot of the project.
3. Branching & Merging
git branchLists all local branches in the repository.
git branch [name]Creates a new branch.
git checkout [branch-name]Switches to a specified branch.
git switch [branch-name]Modern alternative to switch branches.
git checkout -b [name]Create and switch to a branch immediately.
git merge [branch]Merges specified branch into the current one.
git branch -d [name]Deletes a branch safely.
🌿 Branch Logic
- Switching:
git switchis the modern replacement for switching branches. - Safety: Safe mode (
-d) prevents deleting work that hasn't been merged.
4. Remote Syncing
git remote -vLists all linked remote repositories.
git remote add origin [url]Connects your local repo to a remote server.
git fetchDownloads changes from remote without merging.
git pullDownloads changes and immediately merges them.
git push origin [branch]Uploads your commits to the remote branch.
☁️ Cloud Sync
- Integration:
git pullcombinesfetchandmerge. - Upstream: Linking to "origin" is the industry standard for remote connections.
5. Inspection & History
git log --oneline --graphVisual history graph of all branches.
git diffShows differences between working dir and staging.
git diff --stagedShows differences between staging and last commit.
git blame [file]Shows who modified each line and when.
git show [id]Shows metadata and changes for a specific commit.
🔍 Analysis Notes
- History:
git logis your primary tool for tracking project evolution. - Comparison:
git diffhelps verify code before staging or committing.
6. Recovery & Emergency Undo
git stashTemporarily save uncommitted changes.
git stash popRestore and remove the most recent stash.
git reset --soft HEAD~1Undo commit but keep changes in staging.
git reset --hard HEAD~1Undo commit and delete all changes permanently.
git revert [id]Undo a commit by creating a new inverse commit.
git restore [file]Discard local changes to a specific file.
⚠️ Danger Zone
- Hard Reset: IRREVERSIBLE. Deletes changes from both staging and disk.
- Stash: Use to quickly switch tasks without committing unfinished code.
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